Chronotope and objective reality in The Rats, by Dyonélio Machado

Abstract

Based on the historical and social character of the Bakhtinian chronotope, an artistic-literary category that confirms the presence of reality in the work, this article proposes a materialist and dialectical analysis of the novel The Rats (1935), by Dyonélio Machado (1895-1985). The article is also based on the marxist theory that deals with the dialectical pair alienation and consciousness, in an attempt to understand the behavior of the Naziazeno character considering economic and social pressures of capitalism, realizing that time and space, artistically configured, establish his behavior, lending him not only the external marks of his time, but a whole complex of attitudes that define the social relations to which he is subordinate